Reflexive verbs are verbs where the subject and the object are the same person — the action "reflects back" on the person doing it. In Portuguese, these verbs always come with a reflexive pronoun (me, se, nos) that changes according to the subject.
In the dictionary (infinitive form), these verbs appear with -se attached to the end: levantar-se, sentir-se, lembrar-se. That -se is your signal: this verb always needs its reflexive pronoun.
| Sujeito | Pronome | Exemplo — levantar-se |
|---|---|---|
| eu | me | Me levantei às 7h. |
| você / ele / ela | se | Ela se levantou tarde. |
| a gente | se | A gente se levantou cedo. |
| nós | nos | Nos levantamos às 6h. |
| vocês / eles / elas | se | Eles se levantaram cedo. |
📍 Em português brasileiro: o pronome vem antes do verbo conjugado
The infinitive shows -se at the end. But once you conjugate the verb, the pronoun moves in front of it. This is the standard in spoken and informal Brazilian Portuguese.
Eu me lembro do seu nome.
Eles se encontraram no café.
Eu lembro-me do seu nome.
Eles encontraram-se no café.
English has far fewer reflexive verbs than Portuguese. This is the main reason English speakers forget the reflexive pronoun — in English, there's simply no equivalent to include. The key is to memorize each verb together with its pronoun as a unit: not just lembrar, but se lembrar.
✅ Both languages use a reflexive
⚠️ Portuguese reflexive — English is NOT
✅ Ela caiu e se machucou. (herself)
✅ Ela caiu e machucou o joelho. (her knee — no reflexive)
Some verbs have a completely different meaning when used reflexively. The reflexive form is not just "the same action done to yourself" — it's a different word with a different meaning. These are worth memorizing as separate entries.